Describe the psychological treatments used to treat sexual dysfunctions and conclude with how effective these treatments are.

The first therapy was that of Masters and Johnson, which was a comprehensive, intensive approach to treatment where both partners stayed at the clinic for two weeks. Most modern treatment programs retain some aspects of Masters and Johnson's program, and typically involve both partners in treatment. The majority of programs begin with an extensive assessment of the sexual history and functioning of each partner, followed by sexual education where information is provided and myths are challenged. Techniques aimed at improving communication are presented, regarding both sexual and non-sexual issues. Generally, clients will be told to privately explore their own bodies and learn what they find pleasurable and arousing. Sensate focus then follows. It is a form of desensitization applied to sexual fears. This procedure consists of sequenced phases, so the couple can learn to focus on aspects of sexual interactions that are not about performance. At first, no attempt is made at intercourse, and couples begin slowly, first just removing clothing, then touching bodies, next, touching genitals and breasts, and finally, attempting sexual intercourse. The idea behind this process is that couples will become comfortable telling each other what is pleasurable and the anxiety about performance will decrease. In addition to sensate focus, there are several behavioural exercises to address specific sexual dysfunctions e.g., stop-start technique for premature ejaculation.