Chance fluctuations of allele frequencies in the gene pool of a population are evidences of:​

A) ​genetic drift
B) ​gene flow
C) ​mutation
D) ​directional selection

Chance fluctuations in allele frequencies are a key characteristic of genetic drift, which is the random fluctuation of allele frequencies in a population. This can have significant effects on small populations, leading to reduced genetic diversity and potentially harmful genetic conditions becoming more prevalent. Gene flow, while also influencing allele frequencies in a population, is driven by the movement of individuals between populations rather than random chance. Mutation and directional selection can also lead to changes in allele frequencies, but they are not necessarily associated with chance fluctuations.