Both managerial and technical subsystems are part of the open-system model of a business.

The open-system model of a business includes both managerial and technical subsystems, along with other components such as inputs, transformation processes, outputs, and feedback loops. The managerial subsystem includes activities related to planning, organizing, directing, and controlling business operations, while the technical subsystem includes activities related to creating and delivering products or services. Both subsystems are necessary for the success of the overall system.