At the beginning of the term, researchers measured the attitudes of students taking a class in cross-cultural communication. At the end of the term, the students' attitudes were measured again. This is an example of a(n) _____ design.

A) nonequivalent control group
B) independent groups
C) one-shot case study
D) one-group pretest-posttest

One-group Pretest-posttest Design

A quasi-experimental design involving measurement before and after an intervention on a single group to assess change.

Cross-cultural Communication

The process of recognizing and understanding the differences and similarities in communication styles across different cultures.

Attitudes

A settled way of thinking or feeling about someone or something, typically reflected in a person's behavior.