After experiencing prolonged and seemingly inescapable physical abuse from her husband,Kayla became increasingly depressed and hopelessly resigned to her suffering. Her reaction best illustrates

A) the spotlight effect.
B) neuroticism.
C) learned helplessness.
D) defensive self-esteem.

Learned Helplessness

A condition where an individual becomes passive and unable to act to control or change a harmful or stressful situation, often as a result of repeated failures or a sense of powerlessness.

Physical Abuse

Harm or injury deliberately inflicted on a person's body, including hitting, beating, burning, or assaulting.

Hopelessly Resigned

A state of acceptance without hope where an individual no longer resists a negative situation and expects no change for the better.