After being asked to remember three consonants,participants in a study by Peterson and Peterson counted aloud backward by threes to prevent

A) shallow processing.
B) iconic memory.
C) encoding failure.
D) rehearsal.

Iconic Memory

A type of visual sensory memory that holds a brief visual representation of a scene that has been perceived, lasting only a fraction of a second.

Shallow Processing

Encoding on a basic level, based on the structure or appearance of words.

Encoding Failure

a situation in which information does not enter the long-term memory due to inadequate attention to or processing of the information.