According to labeling theory, none of the pseudo-patients in David Rosenhan's "On Being Sane in Insane Places" were discovered because

A) they all were mentally ill, at least to some extent.
B) they were too "clean-cut" to be considered mentally ill.
C) they were well-coached in the symptoms real patients would experience.
D) it is difficult for anyone to see past the label once a person has been labeled "mentally ill."

Labeling Theory

A sociological theory that suggests the self-identity and behavior of individuals may be determined or influenced by the terms used to describe or classify them.

David Rosenhan

A psychologist known for his influential study "On Being Sane in Insane Places," which challenged the validity of psychiatric diagnoses.

Pseudo-Patients

Individuals who simulate illness to study the treatment environment and practices within mental health institutions, notably in the Rosenhan experiment.