According to Chapter 19, what is the process of peer review?

A) Professionals evaluate inconsistent data to achieve a breakthrough in understanding.
B) Qualified professionals test the replicability of an experiment before publishing an article about it.
C) Qualified professionals review and comment on an article before it is published in a professional or academic journal.
D) A third party reviews the qualifications of the people in a laboratory before recommending that others use its services.

The process of peer review involves qualified professionals reviewing and commenting on an article before it is published in a professional or academic journal. This helps to ensure the accuracy and validity of the research being presented. Option A is incorrect as peer review does not necessarily involve evaluating inconsistent data to achieve a breakthrough in understanding. Option B is not entirely accurate as peer review can occur at different stages of the research process, not just during testing and replicability. Option D is unrelated to peer review as it refers to the evaluation of laboratory qualifications, rather than the review process of a publication.