A patient has chronic confusion secondary to dementia.As a result,he is unable to sign an informed consent for surgery.In this situation:

A) An informed consent is not needed
B) Two nurses may sign the informed consent for the patient
C) The surgeon must sign the informed consent
D) A family member will be asked to sign the informed consent

Informed Consent

The process by which a patient voluntarily agrees to a proposed medical treatment after understanding its risks, benefits, and alternatives.

Chronic Confusion

A long-term or permanent state of confusion often related to dementia, brain injury, or neurological disorders, affecting a person's ability to think clearly and make sense of the world around them.

Dementia

A category of brain diseases resulting in long-term and often gradual decrease in the ability to think and remember, significantly affecting a person's daily functioning.